Paper 7
Estimation of the Wind Speed in Urban Areas – Height less
than 10 Metres
Mansoureh
Tahbaz
School
of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,
Iran
Abstract
Wind is an important factor that should be considered in the process of
urban design. It is particularly important for natural ventilation design
as well as providing guidance on heat transfer, the dispersion of air
pollution, wind loading and pedestrian exposure.
This article introduces a set of graphs produced by the author to
estimate the wind speed around low rise buildings at heights of less than
10 metres above ground level. By applying these graphs the architect is
able to easily and rapidly estimate the wind speed for urban terrain for
heights below 10 metres without using complex calculation procedures. This
therefore allows the transfer of data from meteorological stations, taking
into account terrain and the degree of urbanisation.
These graphs are based on the power law formulation of wind profile and
are used to convert data from the nearest standard meteorological station.
This procedure is aimed at assisting the architect or designer in decision
making at the initial design or planning stage of a development.
Key words: urban
wind speed, urban terrain, numerical method, graphical method.
References
Ansley RM, Melbourne W and Vickery BJ: (1977). “Architectural
Aerodynamics”, Applied Science Publishers Ltd. London.
ASHRAE (2005). Handbook - Fundamentals (SI): Chapter 16: “Air Flow
around Buildings”. American Society of Heating Refrigerating and
Air Conditioning Engineers.
BS 5925: (1991) “Code of practice for
ventilation principles and designing for natural ventilation”, British
Standards Institute, UK.
CIBSE: (2006) “Guide A. Environmental design”
(Chapter 4) Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, UK.
CIBSE: (2002): “Guide J. Weather, solar and
illuminance data”, Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers,
UK.
Davenport AG: (1960). “Wind Loads on Structures”, Technical Paper
No. 88, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada.
Givoni B:
(1998). “Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design”, Van
Nostrand Reinhold. New York.
Hall
DJ, Sharples H, Walker S and Kukadia V: (2003) “The attribution of
pollutant concentrations on buildings from local traffic - effects on
ventilation requirements. A wind tunnel modelling study”, International
Journal of Ventilation, 2, (2), pp169-182.
Papanikolaou
NM, Livada I, Santamouris M and Νiachou Κ:
(2008) “The influence of wind speed on heat island phenomena in
Athens, Greece International
Journal of Ventilation,
6, (4), pp337-348.
Penwarden AD and Wise AFE: (1975). “Wind Environment around
Buildings”, Building Research Establishment Report, London.
Razjouyan M: (2001). “Wind and Comfort: Design with Climate”,
Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University.
Tahbaz M: (2006). “Thermal Comfort in Open Areas and Passages”,
Research report, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran.
|
