Paper 3
The Implications for Building
Ventilation of the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Air Temperature in
the Urban Canopy Layer
T. Williamson1 and E. Erell2
1School of Architecture, Landscape Architecture and
Urban Design, The University of Adelaide, Australia
2Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the
Negev, Israel
Abstract
Effective planning of building ventilation, whether
passive or mechanically assisted, requires detailed information about
external air temperature. This paper presents experimental evidence from
Adelaide, Australia, that demonstrates substantial intra-urban variations
in air temperature, whose magnitude changes across the urban space and as
a function of time. A canyon air temperature computer model (CAT) capable
of predicting air temperature in an urban street canyon for extended
periods in a variety of weather conditions, on the basis of meteorological
time series recorded at an open site exposed to the same meso-scale
conditions, is then applied to illustrate the changes in the Climatic
Cooling Potential (CCP) of selected urban locations when the effect of
site-specific microclimate is taken into account.
Key words: urban
heat island, urban cool island, ventilation, building energy consumption,
computer simulation.
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