Paper 1: Volume 3 No.4 March 2005 Edition
Natural Ventilation and Low Energy Cooling of Large,
Non-Domestic Buildings – Four Case Studies
Malcolm Cook1
and Alan Short2, 3
1
Institute of Energy and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University,
Leicester, UK
2
Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PK, UK
3 Short
and Associates Chartered Architects, 24A Marshalsea Road, Borough, London, SE1
1HF, UK
Abstract
The air conditioning of large
non-domestic buildings is becoming an increasing trend, even in moderately mild
climatic zones. This is often needed to avoid overheating that results from high
internal heat gains and solar radiation. This paper describes work, undertaken
in the United Kingdom, aimed at minimizing the need for conventional air
conditioning in such buildings. Four case studies are presented that demonstrate
how dynamic thermal and computational fluid dynamics analysis have been used to
assist in the design of a diverse range of naturally ventilated and passively
cooled buildings. Cooling solutions included natural ventilation with night
cooling (case studies 1 and 2), pre-cooling of the supply air using an
underground labyrinth (case study 3), and passive cooling combined with ‘top
up’ chilled water cooling of the supply air (case study 4). The first two
buildings are now occupied and demonstrate good occupant satisfaction. This work
demonstrates that numerical modelling techniques played a successful role in the
design of innovative, energy efficient buildings.
Key words: natural
ventilation, mixed mode ventilation, computer modelling, labyrinth cooling,
chilled water cooling.
References
CFX
International: (2001) “CFX 4.4 User Manual”, AEA Technology, Didcot,
Oxfordshire
,
UK
.
CIBSE: (2001) “CIBSE
Guide Volume J: Design Data”, The
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers.
CIBSE:
(2005) “Climate Change and the internal environment, a guide for
designers. Technical Memorandum TM36”, Chartered
Institution of Building Services Engineers.
ISBN 1 90328750 2.
Cook MJ, Lomas KJ, and Eppel H: (1999a) “Design and
Operating Concept for an Innovative Naturally Ventilated Library”, CIBSE
National Conference, Harrogate, UK.
Cook
MJ, Lomas KJ, and Eppel H: (1999b) “Use of Computer Simulation in the
Design of a Naturally Ventilated library”, Passive
and Low Energy Architecture Conference, Brisbane, Australia.
ESRU: (1998) “ESP – a
building and plant simulation system user guide”. Glasgow:
Energy Simulation Research Unit, University of Strathclyde.
Field
J: (2000) “Breeze Blocks”, Building
Services Journal, December 2000, pp18-22 + front cover.
Gorst T: (2003) “Civil
lifecycles: Short and Associates in
Lichfield
”. Architecture Today, 143,
November, pp34 – 46.
Short CA, Pop QM, Cook MJ and Lomas KJ: (2003),
“An Innovative Low Energy Integrated Health and
Social
Care
Building
for a Deprived Community”, Passive
and Low Energy Architecture Conference,
Santiago
,
Chile
.
Short CA, Lomas KJ and
Woods A: (2004) “Design strategy for low-energy ventilation and cooling
within an urban heat island” Building
Research and Information, 32, (3), May-June. ISSN 0961-3218.
Simons MW and Moloney BJ: (2003) “Comfort and
acoustic monitoring in a large naturally ventilated technically advanced
building”, International Journal
of Ventilation, 2, (1), pp1-14.
Watkins R, Palmer J, Kolokotroni M and Littlefair P:
(2002) “The balance of the annual heating and cooling demand within the
London
urban heat island”, Building
Service Engineering Research Technology, 23, (4), pp207-213.
|
IJV Volume 3 No 4
Contents
Paper
1: Case Studies
Paper
2: Field Measurement
Paper
3: Pre-Heat Window
Paper
4: Buried Pipe
Paper
5: Plane Jet
Paper
6: Centrifugal Blower
Paper
7: Simplified Model
Paper
8: Thermal Comfort
|
