The International                        UPDATED 22nd May 2011
Journal of Ventilation
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Paper 5:  Volume 3 No.3 March 2005 Edition

Analysis of Spot Cooling in an Underground Subway Station

Kai Kang

Arup, 155 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA  

 

Abstract

Railway platform spot cooling has become an increasingly attractive means to improve thermal comfort conditions of existing subway stations. This paper presents a systematic approach to evaluate the effectiveness of platform spot cooling. The subway environment is first analysed by a simple one-dimensional network model, which is able to estimate the bulk air temperature from the available spot cooling. The localized effects of spot cooling are then investigated using CFD. Three scenarios are examined, including two trains stopped in the station, one train passing, and two trains crossing through the station. The results indicate that the designed spot cooling can improve platform conditions significantly by as much as 17 °F (9.5K).  This is despite the train piston effects, which cause disruption of the cool air layers along the platform, and could reduce the effectiveness of spot cooling by 50%. 

Key words:  spot cooling, subway station, thermal comfort, CFD, subway ventilation.

References

Henson DA and Lowndes JFL: (1987) “Environmental design for the passengers”.  Proceedings of the Conference on urban railways and the civil engineer, Institution of Civil Engineers, London , UK .

Maevski IY and Fay JF: (2000) “Simulations and ventilation system design for the Tren Urbano Subway Project in Puerto Rico”, Proceedings of the 10th International symposium on aerodynamics and ventilation of vehicle tunnels, Boston , USA .

Lee L and Sanchez JG: (2000) “Aerodynamic characteristics for the design of platform doors”.  Proceedings of the 10th International symposium on aerodynamics and ventilation of vehicle tunnels, Boston , USA . 

Montfort R and Sanchez JG: (2001) “Upgrading New York City Transit’s emergency ventilation capabilities”.  Tunnel Management International Magazine, 4, (2). 

Levy SS and Montfort RW: (1994) “NYCTA system-wide ventilation strategy study”.  In Proceedings of the 8th International symposium on aerodynamics and ventilation of vehicle tunnels, Liverpool , UK . 

US DOT Federal Transit Administration: (1997) “Subway environmental design handbook, vol. II, subway environment simulation (SES) computer program, Version 4, Part I, user’s manual”.  FTA-MA-26-7022-91-1. 

Fluent Inc: (2003) “Fluent v6.1 user’s guide”. Lebanon , NH . 

ASHRAE: (2001) “ASHRAE handbook of fundamentals” IP edition, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers Inc., Atlanta GA.  

Wilcox DC : (1998) “Turbulence modeling for CFD”, 2nd Ed., D C W Industries. 

Sanchez JG: (2003) “Optimization of station air-conditioning systems for mass transit systems”.  In Proceedings of the 11th International symposium on aerodynamics and ventilation of vehicle tunnels, Luzern , Switzerland . 

 

IJV Volume 3 No 3
Contents

Paper 1: Buoyancy Ventilation

Paper 2: Wind System

Paper 3: Thermal Manikin

Paper 4: Moisture Transfer

Paper 5: Spot Cooling

Paper 6: Wind Tunnel

Paper 7: Wind Driven Flow

Paper 8: IAQ Guidelines

 

 

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